Hertz-Mindlin
Материал из Department of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics
Силы взаимодействия[править]
where
- normal force, - the equivalent Young’s Modulus, - the equivalent radius, - normal overlap; - normal damping force, - the equivalent mass, - the normal component of the relative velocity and and (the normal stiffness) are given bywith
the coefficient of restitution.The tangential force,
, depends on the tangential overlap and the tangential stiffness .with
Additionally there is a tangential damping force,
where,
, is the relative tangential velocity. The tangential force is limited by Coulomb friction, , where is the coefficient of static friction. For simulations in which rolling friction is important, this is accounted for by applying a torque to the contacting surfaces.with
the coefficient of rolling friction, the distance of the contact point from the centre of mass for object and the unit angular velocity vector of object at the contact point.Ссылки[править]
Подробнее описание можно найти в [1]
- ↑ Alberto Di Renzo, Francesco Paolo Di Maio, Comparison of contact-force models for the simulation of collisions in DEM-based granular flow codes. Chemical Engineering Science, 59,(2004) pp. 525–541,